Accessibility testing
Checks against WCAG 2.2 AA with tools and assistive technology.
Mandatory for 17 of 46 product types. Usually run by a accessibility specialist.
What it catches
- missing labels
- contrast
- keyboard traps
- screen reader failures
What it misses
- cognitive load
- content clarity
Which product types need it and why
| Product type | Status | Reason or condition |
|---|---|---|
| e-signature service | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| ecommerce store | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| EV charging app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| government services portal | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| grocery delivery app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| identity and access management service | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| language learning app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| mobile banking app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| neobank | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| patient portal | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| pharmacy delivery app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| ride-hailing app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| subscription box service | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| telemedicine app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| event ticketing platform | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| travel booking app | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| video conferencing tool | mandatory | Risks: Accessibility complaint or lawsuit |
| accounting and invoicing SaaS | recommended | Becomes mandatory when public-sector customers or an accessibility complaint require it. |
| buy now pay later service | recommended | Becomes mandatory when a merchant contract or accessibility complaint covers the checkout widget. |
| clinical trial management software | recommended | Becomes mandatory when participants enter data themselves through a public-facing portal. |
| dating app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the app is offered in a market where an accessibility law covers it or a complaint arrives. |
| desktop application | recommended | Becomes mandatory when sold to public sector teams or accessibility complaint evidence is attached. |
| electronic health record system | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the system is sold to a federal agency or a public body that requires Section 508 conformance. |
| email marketing platform | recommended | Becomes mandatory when hosted forms serve public sector customers with accessibility rules. |
| ERP system | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the ERP serves public sector employees under accessibility rules. |
| expense management tool | recommended | Becomes mandatory when a customer contract or the EU Accessibility Act requires it. |
| insurance app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when an accessibility complaint is received or a public-sector contract requires it. |
| smart home or IoT app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the product is marketed to older or disabled users or sold to public housing bodies. |
| kids app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the app is sold to schools. |
| lending platform | recommended | Becomes mandatory when an accessibility complaint or a public-sector lending program applies. |
| LLM-based assistant | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the assistant replaces a public service or support channel covered by accessibility law. |
| loyalty program app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the program is offered by a business covered by an accessibility law in its market. |
| online marketplace | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the platform sells in a market with a web accessibility law that covers it. |
| mental health app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the app is offered through an employer, insurer or public program that requires WCAG conformance. |
| messaging app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the app is offered in a market where an accessibility law covers it or a complaint arrives. |
| social network | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the platform falls under a public accessibility law in a market it serves. |
| stock trading app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when an accessibility complaint is received or the European Accessibility Act applies to the broker. |
| wearable companion app | recommended | Becomes mandatory when the product is sold to public bodies or marketed for users with disabilities. |
| mobile game | optional | May help when players report that menus or subtitles cannot be read. |
| peer-to-peer payment app | optional | Optional: may widen the user base; no accessibility enforcement against a peer-to-peer payment app is cited on this page. |
| software as a medical device | optional | May help users with low vision read values and alarms, which also supports human factors work. |
| crypto exchange | not needed | Not needed: no accessibility rule or complaint naming crypto exchanges was found. Becomes recommended when the exchange serves EU retail customers under accessibility law. |
| data pipeline | not needed | Not needed: there is no user interface. Becomes recommended when a pipeline admin screen ships to public sector staff. |
| fleet and logistics tracking | not needed | Not needed: no accessibility claim or public-sector obligation is recorded. Becomes recommended when the platform is sold to public bodies. |
| machine learning model service | not needed | Not needed: the service has no user interface. Becomes recommended when an operator console ships. |
| SDK or client library | not needed | Not needed: the SDK draws no screens. Becomes recommended when it ships UI components used in host apps. |
Done conditions used on playbook pages
Each mandatory cell has its own done condition, written for that product type.
- e-signature service (B2B SaaS): A screen-reader user and a keyboard-only user find every signature and initial field, review all entries and confirm before the final sign action.
- ecommerce store (Commerce): A screen reader user picks a size and colour, adds the item to the cart and completes checkout with the keyboard alone.
- EV charging app (Infrastructure and developer products): A screen reader user finds a station, starts a session and pays in the app without sighted help.
- government services portal (Public sector): A screen reader user and a keyboard-only user each complete an application, upload a document and read case status without help.
- grocery delivery app (Commerce): A screen reader user and a keyboard-only user each fill a basket, choose substitutions, book a slot and pay without help on web and app.
- identity and access management service (B2B SaaS): A screen-reader user and a keyboard-only user complete sign-in, MFA enrolment and recovery with a password manager or passkey and without solving a puzzle.
- language learning app (Education): A screen reader user completes a listening, matching and typing exercise, and every audio prompt has a text alternative.
- mobile banking app (Fintech): A screen reader user logs in, hears the balance of each account and completes a transfer to a saved payee without sighted help.
- neobank (Fintech): A screen reader user completes sign-up, including the ID and selfie step or its stated alternative, without sighted help.
- patient portal (Healthcare): A screen reader user signs in, reads a lab result, books an appointment and sends a message without sighted help.
- pharmacy delivery app (Healthcare): A screen reader user hears the medicine name, strength, quantity, price and refill date on the cart and confirmation screens and completes an order.
- ride-hailing app (Commerce): A screen reader user books, tracks and pays for a ride on both platforms, and a rider flagged as needing boarding time is not charged wait-time fees.
- subscription box service (Commerce): A screen reader user subscribes, skips a month and cancels using the keyboard alone.
- telemedicine app (Healthcare): A screen reader user books a visit, joins the video room and reads the clinician's chat messages without sighted help.
- event ticketing platform (Commerce): A screen reader user finds and buys a wheelchair space and companion seat during a test onsale without help.
- travel booking app (Commerce): A screen reader user picks dates on the fare calendar, chooses a seat and pays for a test flight without help.
- video conferencing tool (B2B SaaS): A screen-reader user joins, mutes, raises a hand and reads chat by keyboard alone, and live captions appear for a speaking test user.
Tools
Alphabetical. Not recommendations.
accessibility testing
- Accessibility ScannerGoogle's on-device accessibility checker for Android. androidopen-source
- axe-coreAccessibility rules engine for automated checks. webopen-source
- LighthouseAudits for accessibility and performance in Chrome. webopen-source
- Pa11yCommand-line accessibility testing. webopen-source